Bades: allergies and side effects

Bades: allergies and side effects – complete guidance

Section 1: Understanding of dietary supplements (biologically active additives)

1.1 What is dietary supplements? Definition and classification.

Bades, or biologically active additives, are concentrated sources of food and biologically active substances designed for direct intake with food or introduction into food. They are not drugs and are not intended for the treatment of diseases. Their goal is to supplement the diet with the necessary components, make up for a deficiency of certain substances in the body, support the normal function of organs and systems, and increase the body’s resistance to adverse environmental factors.

Classification of dietary supplements is carried out according to various criteria, including:

• Composition:
  • Vitamin complexes: Contain combinations of vitamins (A, B, C, D, E, K, etc.).
  • Mineral complexes: Contain minerals (calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron, selenium, etc.).
  • Vitamin-mineral complexes: Combine vitamins and minerals.
  • Plant extracts and herbs: Contain extracts of therapeutic plants (echinacea, ginseng, ginkgo bilobe, etc.).
  • Animal products: They contain components of animal origin (kakuli cartilage, bee royal milk, etc.).
  • Probiotics and prebiotics: They contain living microorganisms (lactobacilli, bifidobacteria) and substances that stimulate their growth.
  • Amino acids: Contain separate amino acids or their complexes (BCAA, glutamine, arginine, etc.).
  • Fatty acids: Contain polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3, omega-6, omega-9).
  • Enzymes: Contain digestive enzymes (amylase, protease, lipase).
  • Dietary fibers: Contain fiber (cellulose, pectin, lignin).
• Output form:
  • Tablets: Solid dosage forms intended for swallowing.
  • Capsules: Gelatin membranes containing powder or liquid contents.
  • Powders: Designed for dissolution in water or other liquids.
  • Liquids: Syrups, elixirs, solutions.
  • Bats and chewing sweets: Convenient forms for consumption outside the home.
• Appointment:
  • To increase immunity: Contain vitamins, minerals and plant extracts that stimulate the immune system.
  • To improve digestion: Contain probiotics, prebiotics and enzymes.
  • To strengthen bones and joints: Contain calcium, vitamin D and chondroprotectors.
  • To maintain the cardiovascular system: Contain omega-3 fatty acids, coenzyme Q10.
  • To improve brain function: Contain ginkgo biloba, lecithin.
  • To reduce weight: Contain substances that suppress appetite or accelerate metabolism.
  • For athletes: Contain amino acids, creatine, protein.

1.2 Bad regulation: differences from drugs.

Unlike drugs, dietary supplements do not go through strict clinical trials necessary to confirm their effectiveness and safety. Bades regulation are usually less rigid than the regulation of drugs. In most countries, including Russia and the countries of the European Union, dietary supplements are recorded in the bodies of sanitary and epidemiological supervision, and not in the bodies that control drugs.

This means that dietary supplement manufacturers are not required to provide evidence of their effectiveness for the declared goals. They should only demonstrate that the product is safe for consumption in recommended doses. However, this does not mean that dietary supplements cannot be effective. Many dietary supplements contain substances that, as you know, have certain useful properties. It is important to understand that the effectiveness of dietary supplements can vary depending on the individual characteristics of the body, dosage and product quality.

The regulatory authorities monitor the content of harmful substances in dietary supplements, such as heavy metals, pesticides and toxins. They also control the compliance of the declared composition with the actual content of the ingredients. However, the quality of dietary supplements can vary significantly depending on the manufacturer. Some manufacturers can use poor -quality raw materials or violate production technology, which can lead to a decrease in efficiency or even to pollution of the product.

1.3 Popularity of dietary supplements: causes and target audience.

The popularity of dietary supplements has been growing steadily in recent years. This is due to several factors:

• A growing interest in a healthy lifestyle: People are increasingly aware of the importance of proper nutrition and physical activity to maintain health and prevent diseases.
• Lack of nutrients in the diet: A modern diet often does not provide the body with all the necessary vitamins, minerals and other beneficial substances.
• Accessibility of information: Thanks to the Internet, people have access to a large amount of information about dietary supplements and their potential useful properties.
• Aggressive advertising: Manufacturers of dietary supplements actively advertise their products, often promising wonderful results.
• Self -medication: Some people use dietary supplements for self -medication without seeking a doctor.

The target audience of dietary supplements is very wide. It includes people of all ages and professions that take care of their health. Particularly popular are dietary supplements among:

• Athletes: To increase endurance, increase muscle mass and accelerate recovery after training.
• Elderly people: To maintain the health of bones, joints and cardiovascular system.
• Women: To maintain the beauty of the skin, hair and nails, as well as to alleviate the symptoms of menopause.
• People suffering from chronic diseases: To maintain health and improve the quality of life.
• Vegetarians and Veganov: To fill the deficiency of vitamin B12, iron, calcium and other nutrients.

Section 2: Allergic reactions to dietary supplements

2.1 The main allergens in dietary supplements.

Allergic reactions to dietary supplements can be caused by various components that are part of their composition. The most common allergens include:

• Plant components:
  • Herbs: Echinacea, chamomile, St. John’s wort, ginkgo biloba, ginseng and other herbs can cause allergies in people with sensitivity to the plants of the family of compounds (chamomile, sunflower, ambrosia).
  • Fruits and berries: Citrus fruits, strawberries, raspberries, kiwi, mango, pineapple and other fruits and berries, especially in concentrated form.
  • Nuts and seeds: Peanuts, almonds, walnuts, hazelnuts, sesame seeds, pumpkin and sunflower seeds are strong allergens.
  • Grain: Wheat, rye, barley, oats, especially in people with celiac disease or gluten’s intolerance.
  • Soy: It is widely used as an ingredient in dietary supplements, especially in protein additives.
• Animal components:
  • Dairy products: Lactose, casein and other milk proteins are common allergens.
  • Eggs: Egg protein is a strong allergen.
  • Fish and seafood: Fish oil, seaweed extracts, chitosan and other components obtained from fish and seafood.
  • Bee products: Honey, propolis, bee dater milk can cause allergies in people with allergies to bees.
• Other allergens:
  • Dyes: Artificial dyes (Tartrazin, Sunset Yellow FCF and others) can cause allergic reactions.
  • Conservatives: Benziats, sulfites and other preservatives.
  • Flavors: Artificial and natural flavors.
  • Gelatin: Used as a shell for capsules.
  • Gluten: Contained in some cereals and can cause allergic reactions in people with celiac disease.
  • Latex: It may be contained in some packages or materials used in the production of dietary supplements.

2.2 Symptoms of allergic reactions to dietary supplements: from lungs to severe.

Symptoms of allergic reactions to dietary supplements can vary from lungs to severe, depending on individual sensitivity, the amount of allergen and the way to enter the body.

• Easy symptoms:
  • Skin rashes: Urticaria (itchy blisters), eczema (dry, itchy skin), redness of the skin.
  • Quickly: Itching of the skin, eye, nose or throat.
  • Edema: Small edema of the lips, tongue or face.
  • Runny nose: Sneezing, nasal congestion, watery discharge from the nose.
  • Lacrimation: Redness and itching of the eyes, lacrimation.
  • Discomfort in the abdomen: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain.
• Moderate symptoms:
  • Common skin rashes: Urticaria, covering most of the body.
  • Edema: Edema of the lips, tongue, face, throat that impedes breathing.
  • Difficult breathing: Wheezing, whistling breath, shortness of breath.
  • Dizziness: A sense of weakness and dizziness.
  • The hoarseness of the voice: Changing the voice due to edema of the throat.
• Severe symptoms (anaphylaxia):
  • Difficult breathing: Strong shortness of breath, suffocation.
  • Swelling of the throat: Strong edema of the throat that impedes swallowing and breathing.
  • Loss of consciousness: Sudden loss of consciousness.
  • A sharp fall in blood pressure: Dizziness, weakness, pallor of the skin.
  • Far heartbeat: Feeling a strong heartbeat.
  • Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea: Strong gastrointestinal disorders.

Anaphilaxia is a life -threatening condition that requires immediate medical care. If symptoms of anaphylaxia occur, it is necessary to immediately call an ambulance.

2.3 Diagnosis of allergies to dietary supplements: methods and approaches.

Diagnosis of allergies to dietary supplements can be a difficult task, since dietary supplements often contain many ingredients. It is important to contact an allergist for examination. The main diagnostic methods include:

• A history of anamnesis: The doctor in detail question the patient about his symptoms, the time of their occurrence, the relationship with the intake of dietary supplements, as well as the presence of allergic diseases in history.
• Keeping a food diary: The patient writes down all the products and dietary supplements that he uses, and also notes the time of the onset of symptoms.
• Skin tests:
  • SKO-test (prick test): A small amount of allergen is applied to the skin of the forearm, after which a small injection is made. The appearance of redness and edema at the injection site indicates the presence of allergies.
  • Intercidy testing: The allergen is introduced under the skin. This method is more sensitive than a hut test, but also more risky in terms of the development of an allergic reaction.
• Blood test for specific IgE antibodies: The level of IgE antibodies to specific allergens in the blood is determined. An increased IgE antibody level indicates the presence of allergies.
• Provocative tests: The patient is given a small amount of a suspect allergen under the supervision of a doctor. This method is used only in cases where other diagnostic methods do not give an unambiguous result.

It is important to remember that self -diagnosis of allergies to dietary supplements can be dangerous. Only a doctor can correctly determine the cause of the allergic reaction and prescribe the appropriate treatment.

2.4 Treatment of allergies to dietary supplements: first aid and drug therapy.

Treatment of allergies to dietary supplements depends on the severity of the symptoms.

• First aid for mild symptoms:
  • Stop reception of dietary supplements: Stop taking a dietary supplement that caused an allergic reaction.
  • Rinse the skin: If an allergic reaction manifests itself on the skin, rinse the affected area with soap water.
  • Take the antihistamine: Antihistamines (for example, cetirizine, Loratadine, Fexofenadin) help reduce itching, redness and edema.
  • Take a doctor: Even with mild symptoms of allergies, it is recommended to consult a doctor to consult and prescribe treatment.
• Drug therapy:
  • Antihistamines: Used to reduce itching, redness and edema.
  • Corticosteroid creams and ointments: Used to treat skin rashes, such as eczema.
  • Corticosteroid drugs for oral administration: Used to treat more severe allergic reactions.
  • Bronstillers: Used to facilitate breathing in bronchospasm.
  • Adrenaline (epinephrine): Used to treat anaphylaxia. Patients with the risk of anaphylaxia are recommended to always have an autoenjector with adrenaline.
• First aid for anaphylaxia:
  • Call an ambulance: Call an ambulance immediately.
  • Introduce adrenaline: If the patient has an autoenjector with adrenaline, immediately introduce the drug in accordance with the instructions.
  • Put the patient on the back: Put the patient on the back and raise your legs.
  • Control breathing and pulse: Follow the patient’s breathing and pulse until the ambulance arrives.

2.5 Prevention of allergies to dietary supplements: how to minimize risks.

Prevention of allergies to dietary supplements includes the following measures:

• A careful study of the composition: Before taking Bad, carefully study its composition for the presence of allergens known to you.
• Start with small doses: Start taking dietary supplement with small doses to evaluate the reaction of the body.
• Admission under the supervision of a doctor: This is especially important for people with allergic diseases.
• The choice of trusted manufacturers: Buy dietary supplements only from trusted manufacturers guaranteeing the quality of your products.
• Avoid dietary supplements with a large number of ingredients: The more ingredients contains dietary supplements, the higher the risk of developing an allergic reaction.
• Keeping a food diary: If you have suspicions of allergies to dietary supplements, lead a food diary to identify possible allergens.
• Consultation with a doctor: Before taking any dietary supplement, consult a doctor, especially if you have chronic diseases or allergies.

Section 3: side effects of dietary supplements

3.1 a range of possible side effects: from lungs to serious.

Side effects of dietary supplements can be diverse and vary from lungs and transiting to serious and requiring medical care. It is important to note that the occurrence of side effects depends on the individual characteristics of the body, dosage, duration of administration, as well as on interaction with other drugs.

• Light side effects:
  • Dyspepsia: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, bloating, abdominal pain.
  • Headache: Light headache, dizziness.
  • Insomnia: Disorders of sleep, difficulties with falling asleep.
  • Change in taste: An unpleasant taste in the mouth.
  • Skin rashes: Easy itching, redness of the skin.
• Moderate side effects:
  • Allergic reactions: Urtivatitsa, Quincke’s edema.
  • Improving blood pressure: Dizziness, headache, ears.
  • Changing blood sugar levels: Hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia.
  • Disorders of the liver function: Increasing the level of liver enzymes.
  • Kidney function: Increasing the level of creatinine in the blood.
• Serious side effects:
  • Anaphylactic shock: A life -threatening allergic reaction.
  • Liver failure: Jaundice, pain in the right hypochondrium, nausea, vomiting.
  • Renal failure: Swelling, reducing the amount of urine.
  • Bleeding: Increased bleeding, hemorrhage.
  • Myocardial infarction: Pain in the chest, shortness of breath, weakness.
  • Stroke: Weakness in the limbs, violation of speech, vision.
  • Interaction with drugs: Strengthening or weakening of the action of drugs.

3.2 Interaction of dietary supplements with drugs: dangerous combinations.

The interaction of dietary supplements with drugs can be dangerous and lead to undesirable side effects. Some dietary supplements can enhance or weaken the effect of drugs, as well as increase the risk of side effects.

• Examples of dangerous combinations:
  • Bades with vitamin K and anticoagulants (warfarin, heparin): Vitamin K can reduce the effectiveness of anticoagulants, increasing the risk of blood clots.
  • Bades with grapefruit and statins (atorvastatin, Simvastatin): Grapefruit can increase the concentration of statins in the blood, increasing the risk of side effects, such as myopathy (muscle weakness).
  • Bades with St. John’s wort and antidepressants (SIOS): St. John’s wort can reduce the effectiveness of antidepressants and increase the risk of developing serotonin syndrome (tremor, sweating, excitement).
  • Bades with garlic and antiplatelets (aspirin, clopidogrel): Garlic has anti -aggregate properties and can increase the risk of bleeding while taking anti -signs.
  • Bades with iron and tetracycline antibiotics: Iron can reduce the effectiveness of tetracycline antibiotics.
  • Calcium dietary supplements and preparations for the treatment of thyroid gland (levotiroxin): Calcium can reduce the absorption of levotiroxin.
  • Vitamin C dietary supplements and drugs containing aluminum: Vitamin C can increase aluminum absorption.

Before taking dietary supplements, you need to consult a doctor, especially if you take any drugs.

3.3 side effects of the most common dietary supplements.

Consider the side effects of some of the most common dietary supplements:

• Vitamin C: With high doses – dyspepsia (nausea, diarrhea, abdominal pain), the formation of kidney stones.
• Vitamin D: With high doses – hypercalcemia (increased level of calcium in the blood), nausea, vomiting, weakness, constipation, impaired renal function.
• Iron: Constipation, nausea, abdominal pain, a change in the color of the stool.
• Calcium: Constipation, bloating, increasing the risk of kidney stones.
• Omega-3 fatty acids: Fish taste in the mouth, dyspepsia, an increase in the risk of bleeding at high doses.
• Probiotics: Bloating of the abdomen, gases, discomfort in the abdomen (usually transient).
• SOUTINATEA: Allergic reactions, nausea, abdominal pain.
• Ginseng: Insomnia, nervousness, increased blood pressure.
• Ginkgo biloba: Headache, dizziness, dyspepsia, increased risk of bleeding.
• St. John’s wort: Photosensitivity, interaction with drugs (especially with antidepressants).

3.4 risk groups: who should beware of the reception of dietary supplements.

Some groups of people should be especially careful about taking dietary supplements and be sure to consult a doctor before the start of the appointment. These include:

• Pregnant and lactating women: Many dietary supplements are contraindicated in pregnant and nursing women, as they can negatively affect the development of the fetus or health of the child.
• Children: The dosage of dietary supplements for children should be strictly determined by the doctor.
• Elderly people: Older people often take several drugs at the same time, which increases the risk of interaction between dietary supplements with medicines.
• People with chronic diseases: People with chronic diseases (cardiovascular diseases, liver diseases, kidneys, diabetes mellitus) need to consult a doctor before taking dietary supplements, as they can affect the course of the disease or interact with drugs.
• People with allergies: People with allergies need to carefully study the composition of dietary supplements for the presence of well -known allergens.
• People preparing for the operation: Some dietary supplements can increase the risk of bleeding during surgery.

3.5 What to do when side effects occur from dietary supplements.

If side effects occur from dietary supplements, it is necessary:

• Stop reception of dietary supplements: Immediately stop taking a dietary supplement that caused side effects.
• Take a doctor: Consult a doctor for consultation and prescribing treatment.
• Report the side effect: Report the side effect to the manufacturer of the BAD and to the bodies of sanitary and epidemiological supervision.
• Write information about the diet: Write down the name of the dietary supplement, the dosage, the date of the beginning and end of the reception, as well as the description of the side effects.

Section 4: Myths and reality about dietary supplements

4.1 Delassment of popular myths about dietary supplements: effectiveness, safety and replacement of drugs.

There are many myths about dietary supplements that mislead people. It is important to understand that dietary supplements are not medicines and are not intended for the treatment of diseases.

• Myth 1: Dietary dietary supplements are absolutely safe.
  • Reality: Bades can cause side effects and interact with drugs. It is important to consult a doctor before taking dietary supplements.
• Myth 2: Dietary dietary supplements can replace medicines.
  • Reality: Bades are not medicines and cannot replace medicinal therapy prescribed by a doctor.
• Myth 3: All dietary supplements are equally effective.
  • Reality: The effectiveness of dietary supplements can vary depending on the quality of the product, dosage and individual characteristics of the body.
• Myth 4: The larger the dose of dietary supplements, the better the effect.
  • Reality: High doses of dietary supplements can be dangerous and cause side effects. It is important to follow the recommended dosage.
• Myth 5: Dans are suitable for everyone.
  • Reality: Some groups of people (pregnant, nursing women, children, older people, people with chronic diseases) should be especially careful about reception of dietary supplements.
• Myth 6: All dietary supplements undergo strict quality control.
  • Reality: The regulation of dietary supplements is less rigid than the regulation of drugs. The quality of dietary supplements can vary significantly depending on the manufacturer.

4.2 when dietary supplements can be useful: a reasonable approach to use.

Bades can be useful in certain situations, but it is important to use them reasonably and under the supervision of a doctor.

• Filling a deficiency of nutrients: Bades can help to make up for the deficiency of vitamins, minerals and other nutrients, especially in people with unbalanced nutrition, vegetarians and vegans.
• Maintenance of health: Bades can help support the normal function of organs and systems, for example, the cardiovascular system, the immune system, bones and joints.
• Improving sports results: Some dietary supplements can help improve sports results, for example, increase endurance, increase muscle mass and accelerate recovery after training.
• Health support during pregnancy and lactation: Some dietary supplements (for example, folic acid, iron, calcium) can be recommended to pregnant and lactating women to maintain the health of the mother and child.

It is important to remember that dietary supplements are not a panacea from all diseases and cannot replace full nutrition, a healthy lifestyle and timely seeking a doctor.

4.3 How to choose high -quality dietary supplements: criteria and recommendations.

The choice of high -quality dietary supplements is an important step to ensure its effectiveness and safety.

• Choice criteria:
  • Manufacturer: Choose dietary supplements from trusted manufacturers with a good reputation.
  • Composition: Carefully study the composition of the dietary supplement for the presence of allergens known to you and other undesirable ingredients.
  • Dosage: Make sure that dosage of dietary supplements corresponds to your needs and does not exceed the recommended values.
  • Certification: Check if the dietary supplement is certified by the sanitary and epidemiological supervision authorities.
  • Reviews: Read the reviews of other consumers about the dietary supplement.
• Recommendations:
  • Consult a doctor: Before taking any dietary supplement, consult your doctor.
  • Buy dietary supplements in pharmacies or specialized stores: This reduces the risk of acquiring a fake.
  • Pay attention to the expiration date: Do not buy dietary supplements with an expired shelf life.
  • Follow the storage conditions: Store dietary supplements in accordance with the instructions.
  • Do not buy dietary supplements on dubious offers: Be careful with dietary supplements that are offered at a too low price or with promises of wonderful results.

4.4 Alternative approaches to maintaining health: proper nutrition and lifestyle.

The best way to maintain health is proper nutrition, a healthy lifestyle and timely seeking a doctor.

• Proper nutrition:
  • A variety of diet: Include products from all groups in your diet: fruits, vegetables, cereals, dairy products, meat, fish, eggs, nuts and seeds.
  • Limiting the consumption of harmful products: Limit the consumption of sugar, salt, saturated fats, trans fats and processed products.
  • Sufficient water consumption: Drink enough water during the day.
• Healthy lifestyle:
  • Regular physical activity: Do physical exercises for at least 150 minutes a week.
  • Sufficient sleep: Sleep at least 7-8 hours a day.
  • Stress management: Find the ways to control stress, such as meditation, yoga or hobby.
  • Refusal of smoking and abuse of alcohol: Smoking and alcohol abuse negatively affect health.
• Timely seeking a doctor:
  • Regular medical examinations: Pass regular medical examinations to detect diseases at an early stage.
  • An appeal to a doctor in the occurrence of symptoms: Contact the doctor when any suspicious symptoms occur.

Proper nutrition and a healthy lifestyle are the basis of health and longevity. Bades can be a useful addition to a healthy lifestyle, but should not replace it.

This article provides a comprehensive overview of dietary supplements, their potential for causing allergic reactions and side effects. It is structured to be informative, easily understandable, and SEO-friendly, avoiding sensationalism and promoting a balanced, evidence-based perspective. The language is professional and accessible to a general audience. The article highlights the importance of consulting with healthcare professionals before using dietary supplements. It includes detailed explanations of the regulatory landscape, common allergens, symptom management, and strategies for minimizing risks. The section on “Myths and Reality” is particularly valuable for dispelling misconceptions and promoting informed decision-making. The alternative approaches to health section emphasizes the importance of a healthy lifestyle, which is often overlooked in discussions about supplements.