Bades: a doctor’s consultation is necessary

Bades: a doctor’s consultation is necessary

Section 1: What is dietary supplements? Definition and classification

Dietary supplements, or biologically active additives, are concentrated sources of food or biologically active substances designed to eat with food or introduction into food products. They are not drugs and are not intended for the treatment, prevention or diagnosis of diseases. Their main goal is to replenish the deficiency of the necessary substances in the diet, maintaining health and improving the functional state of the body.

The classification of dietary supplements is carried out according to various criteria, including the composition, origin, form of release and the alleged action:

• By composition:

  • Nutricevtiki: The deficiency of basic food substances, such as vitamins (A, C, D, E, Group B), minerals (calcium, iron, magnesium, zinc), irreplaceable amino acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3, omega-6), dietary fiber, and dietary fiber. Examples of nutricines are vitamin complexes, mineral additives, fish fat, bran.
  • Parafarmetzetics: They have a soft regulatory effect on the functions of organs and systems of the body, close to pharmacological. They can contain plant extracts, beekeeping products, animal components, pro- and prebiotics, antioxidants. Examples of parapharmaceuticals are echinacea for strengthening immunity, valerian for improving sleep, probiotics to normalize intestinal microflora.
  • Ebiotics (probiotics and prebiotics): They contain living microorganisms useful for intestinal microflora (probiotics), or substances that stimulate their growth and activity (prebiotics). They contribute to the normalization of digestion, strengthen the immunity and improve the general condition of the body. Examples are lactobacilli, bifidobacteria, inulin, fruitoligosaccharides.

• By origin:

  • Vegetable: Contain extracts, powders, oils from medicinal plants. Examples: ginkgo biloba extract, milk thistle oil, ginseng root.
  • Animal origin: They contain components of animal origin, such as chondroitin, glucosamine, collagen, peptides.
  • Mineral: Contain minerals in various forms. Examples: calcium carbonate, magnesium oxide, zinc sulfate.
  • Synthetic: Synthesized chemically, but identical to natural substances (for example, some vitamins).

• By the form of release:

  • Tablets: Convenient for dosing and reception.
  • Capsules: They contain a powder or oil in a gelatin shell that dissolves in the stomach or intestines.
  • Powders: They are divorced in water or added to food.
  • Liquid forms (solutions, syrups, tinctures): They are quickly absorbed.
  • Tea drinks: Contain plant components.
  • Bars: Contain vitamins, minerals and other beneficial substances.

Section 2: Legislative regulation of dietary supplements in the Russian Federation

In the Russian Federation, the turnover of biologically active additives is regulated by a number of regulatory legal acts, the main of which are:

• Federal Law No. 29-FZ dated 02.01.2000 “On the quality and safety of food products”: Establishes general requirements for the quality and safety of food products, including dietary supplements.
• Technical Regulation of the Customs Union TR TS 021/2011 “On food safety”: It contains requirements for food safety, including dietary supplements, in the territory of the Customs Union (Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Armenia, Kyrgyzstan).
• Technical Regulation of the Customs Union TR TS 022/2011 “Food products in terms of its marking”: Establishes requirements for labeling of food products, including dietary supplements, in order to provide consumers with reliable information.
• SanPiN 2.3.2.1290-03 “Hygienic requirements for the organization of production and turnover of biologically active additives to food (BAD)”: Establishes hygiene requirements for the production, storage, transportation and sale of dietary supplements.

The basic requirements for dietary supplements in the Russian Federation:

• State registration: Before issuing in the Russian Federation, dietary supplements are subject to state registration in the Federal Service for Supervision of the Protection of Consumer Rights and Human Welfare (Rospotrebnadzor). In the process of registration, the safety and effectiveness of the dietary supplement is evaluated, as well as the compliance of its composition and marking with the established requirements.
• Marking: The marking of dietary supplements should contain reliable and complete information about the product, including the name, composition, food value, scope, method of application, contraindications, shelf life, storage conditions, manufacturer data. It is important that the marking clearly indicates that the product is a dietary supplement and is not a drug.
• Production: The production of dietary supplements must comply with sanitary standards and rules ensuring safety and product quality.
• Quality control: Manufacturers and sellers of dietary supplements are required to carry out product quality control at all stages of production and turnover.

Despite the availability of regulatory regulation, in the dietary supplement market there is a problem of falsification and inconsistency of the declared composition. Therefore, it is important to purchase dietary supplements only in pharmacies or specialized stores licensed for the sale of medicines and dietary supplements, and check the availability of state registration certificate.

Section 3: risks and side effects of the use of dietary supplements

The use of dietary supplements, like any other biologically active substances, is associated with certain risks and the possibility of developing side effects. It is important to realize these risks and be careful when choosing and using dietary supplements.

The main risks and side effects:

• Inconsistency with the declared composition: As mentioned earlier, there is a problem of falsification in the dietary supplement market. Some manufacturers may indicate a package of a composition that does not correspond to the real content of the product. This can lead to the fact that the consumer does not receive the expected effect or, even worse, uses harmful or dangerous substances.
• Overdose: The uncontrolled reception of dietary supplements, especially containing vitamins and minerals, can lead to an overdose. An overdose of vitamins (for example, vitamins A, D, E, K) can cause various side effects, from nausea and headaches to more serious health problems. An overdose of minerals (for example, iron, calcium) can also be dangerous.
• Interaction with drugs: Some dietary supplements can interact with drugs by changing their effectiveness or increasing side effects. For example, St. John’s wort can reduce the effectiveness of some antidepressants, anticoagulants and contraceptives. Vitamin K can reduce the effectiveness of anticoagulants such as warfarin. It is important to inform the doctor about all the dietary supplements in order to avoid undesirable interactions with medicines.
• Allergic reactions: Bades, especially plant origin, can cause allergic reactions in people prone to allergies. Symptoms of allergies can vary from the skin rash and itching to the edema of Quincke and anaphylactic shock.
• Side effects from the gastrointestinal tract: Some dietary supplements can cause side effects from the gastrointestinal tract, such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, bloating.
• Lack of proven effectiveness: Many dietary supplements are advertised as means for the treatment or prevention of various diseases, but their effectiveness is not always proved by clinical research. In some cases, manufacturers can use false or misleading information about the properties of dietary supplements.
• Masks of serious diseases: Reception of dietary supplements can disguise the symptoms of serious diseases, which complicates timely diagnosis and treatment. For example, taking painkillers can temporarily relieve pain, but will not eliminate the cause of its occurrence, and a person may miss the time to see a doctor.
• Contamination: Bades can be polluted by heavy metals (lead, mercury, cadmium), pesticides, microorganisms or other harmful substances, especially if they are produced in violation of technological processes or from poor -quality raw materials.

Section 4: The importance of consulting with a doctor before admission of dietary supplements

Consultation with a doctor before taking any dietary supplements is an extremely important and necessary measure of precaution. The doctor can evaluate the patient’s health, identify possible contraindications, choose the most suitable dietary supplement and determine the optimal dosage.

The reasons for which a doctor’s consultation is needed:

• Assessment of health: The doctor will conduct an examination, collect an anamnesis (the history of the disease) and, if necessary, will prescribe additional examinations to evaluate the general state of the patient’s health and identify the presence of any diseases or conditions that may be a contraindication for the intake of dietary supplements.
• Identification of contraindications: Some dietary supplements are contraindicated in certain diseases, conditions or medication. The doctor will be able to identify these contraindications and warn the patient from taking dietary supplements, which can harm his health. For example, dietary supplements with echinacea are not recommended for autoimmune diseases, and dietary supplements with iron are contraindicated in hemochromatosis (an excess of iron in the body).
• Selection of a suitable dietary supplement: There are a huge number of dietary supplements, and the choice of a suitable product can be complicated. The doctor will be able to choose a dietary supplement that best corresponds to the patient’s needs and will help solve specific health problems. He will also take into account age, gender, lifestyle and other individual characteristics of the patient.
• Determining the optimal dosage: The dosage of dietary supplements can vary depending on the individual characteristics of the patient, his health and goals. The doctor will be able to determine the optimal dosage that will be safe and effective. Exceeding the recommended dose can lead to an overdose and side effects.
• Prevention of drug interactions: As mentioned earlier, some dietary supplements can interact with drugs. The doctor will be able to evaluate the risk of such interactions and give recommendations on the safe combination of dietary supplements and drugs.
• Efficiency and safety monitoring: In the process of receiving dietary supplements, the doctor will be able to track their effectiveness and safety, as well as adjust the dosage or cancel dietary supplements if necessary.
• Differential diagnosis: The doctor will be able to distinguish a condition that can be adjusted with the help of dietary supplements, from a condition requiring drug treatment. Sometimes the symptoms that seem insignificant and amenable to correction with the help of dietary supplements can be a sign of a serious disease requiring immediate seeing a doctor.

Before consulting with a doctor, it is recommended to prepare the following information:

• A list of all drugs taken, including prescription and over -the -counter drugs, as well as other dietary supplements and vitamins.
• Information about the diseases and allergic reactions.
• Description of the symptoms that bother and the goals of taking dietary supplements.

The doctor may recommend taking tests to evaluate the level of vitamins and minerals in the body and identify a possible deficiency. Based on the results of the tests and the information collected, the doctor will be able to give individual recommendations for receiving dietary supplements.

Section 5: Bad for various categories of the population: special precautions

The use of dietary supplements requires special attention and precautions for certain categories of the population, such as pregnant and nursing women, children, elderly people, people with chronic diseases.

• Pregnant and lactating women:

  • During pregnancy and breastfeeding, the need for vitamins and minerals increases. However, taking dietary supplements during this period requires special caution, since some substances can be harmful to the mother and child.
  • Before taking any dietary supplements, pregnant and nursing women must be consulted with a doctor.
  • It is especially important to avoid taking dietary supplements containing high doses of vitamin A (retinol), as this can lead to the development of defects in the fetus.
  • Some plant dietary supplements are also contraindicated during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
  • The doctor can recommend taking special vitamin-mineral complexes for pregnant and lactating, which are developed taking into account the needs of the body during this period.

• Children:

  • Reception of dietary supplements by children requires special caution, since their body is more sensitive to the effects of biologically active substances.
  • Bades should not be used to replace the child’s full nutrition.
  • Before receiving dietary supplements, a child needs to consult a pediatrician.
  • Do not give children dietary supplements intended for adults.
  • It is important to strictly observe the recommended dosage of dietary supplements for children.
  • Some dietary supplements are contraindicated in children of a certain age.
  • Preference should be given to dietary supplements designed specifically for children and having the appropriate certificates.

• Elderly people:

  • In the elderly, there is often a deficiency of vitamins and minerals due to a decrease in appetite, deterioration in the absorption of nutrients and taking medications.
  • Reception of dietary supplements with older people can be useful for maintaining health and improving the quality of life.
  • However, before taking dietary supplements, older people need to consult a doctor, since they often have chronic diseases and they take several drugs at the same time.
  • The doctor will be able to evaluate the state of health of an elderly person, identify possible contraindications and choose the most suitable dietary supplement, taking into account the drugs taken.
  • It is important to start taking dietary supplements with low doses and gradually increase them if necessary.

• People with chronic diseases:

  • People with chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, liver, kidney, heart and blood vessels, autoimmune diseases, and special care should be taken when taking dietary supplements.
  • Some dietary supplements can be contraindicated in certain diseases or interact with drugs used to treat these diseases.
  • Before taking dietary supplements, people with chronic diseases must be consulted with the attending physician.
  • The doctor will be able to evaluate the patient’s health, identify possible contraindications and give recommendations on the safe intake of dietary supplements taking into account the drugs taken.

Section 6: myths and misconceptions about dietary supplements

Around the dietary supplements, there are many myths and errors that can mislead consumers and lead to improper use of these products. It is important to know the truth about dietary supplements in order to make conscious decisions about your health.

• Myth 1: Dietary dietary supplements are absolutely safe.

  • Reality: Bades are not absolutely safe. Like any other biologically active substances, they can cause side effects, allergic reactions and interact with drugs. The uncontrolled intake of dietary supplements can be dangerous to health.

• Myth 2: Bades can cure any disease.

  • Reality: Bades are not drugs and are not intended for the treatment of diseases. Their main goal is to replenish the deficiency of the necessary substances in the diet and maintenance of health. In case of serious diseases, you must consult a doctor and receive qualified treatment.

• Myth 3: The more dietary supplements you take, the better for health.

  • Reality: Excessive intake of dietary supplements can be harmful to health. An overdose of vitamins and minerals can cause various side effects. It is important to observe the recommended dosage of dietary supplements and not exceed it without consulting a doctor.

• Myth 4: All dietary supplements are equally effective.

  • Reality: The effectiveness of dietary supplements can vary depending on the composition, quality of raw materials, production technologies and individual characteristics of the body. It is important to choose dietary supplements from reliable manufacturers and purchase them in pharmacies or specialized stores.

• Myth 5: Dietary supplements do not require consultation with a doctor.

  • Reality: Consultation with a doctor before taking dietary supplements is extremely important, especially for pregnant women and nursing women, children, elderly people and people with chronic diseases. The doctor will be able to evaluate the patient’s health, identify possible contraindications and choose the most suitable dietary supplement.

• Myth 6: Bades are natural products, so they are always better than synthetic drugs.

  • Reality: Not all natural is safe, and not all synthetic is harmful. Some dietary supplements contain plant extracts that can cause allergic reactions or interact with drugs. Synthetic drugs undergo strict quality and safety control, and their effectiveness is proved by clinical research.

• Myth 7: If dietary supplements are sold in a pharmacy, then it is effective and safe.

  • Reality: The presence of dietary supplements in the pharmacy does not guarantee its effectiveness and safety. It is important to check the availability of a certificate of state registration and choose dietary supplements from reliable manufacturers.

• Myth 8: Bades can replace good nutrition.

  • Reality: Bades cannot replace good nutrition. They are only an addition to the diet and are designed to replenish the deficiency of the necessary substances. It is important to adhere to a balanced diet and lead a healthy lifestyle.

• Myth 9: Bades have no expiration date.

  • Reality: Bades have the shelf life indicated on the packaging. After the expiration of the shelf life of dietary supplements can lose their beneficial properties and become unsafe for use.

Section 7: how to choose the right dietary supplement:

The choice of dietary supplements is a responsible process that requires an attentive approach and accounting for several factors. To choose high -quality and safe dietary supplements, it is recommended to follow the following recommendations:

1. Consult a doctor: This is the most important step. The doctor will evaluate your health status, identify possible contraindications and recommend a suitable dietary supplement taking into account your individual needs.

2. Study the composition: Carefully read the composition of the dietary supplement on the package. Pay attention to the content of active substances, auxiliary components and the presence of allergens. Make sure that there are no ingredients for which you have an allergy or intolerance to.

3. Check the availability of a certificate of state registration: All dietary supplements implemented in the territory of the Russian Federation must have a certificate of state registration issued by Rospotrebnadzor. The presence of this certificate confirms that the dietary supplement has undergone safety and compliance with the requirements. Information about state registration can be found on the website of Rospotrebnadzor.

4. Choose reliable manufacturers: Give preference to dietary supplements from well -known and trusted manufacturers with a good reputation in the market. Study reviews about the manufacturer and its products on the Internet.

5. Bay dietary supplements in pharmacies or specialized stores: Buy dietary supplements only in pharmacies or specialized stores licensed for the sale of medicines and dietary supplements. This will allow you to avoid buying fake or poor -quality products.

6. Pay attention to the release form: Choose the form of a dietary supplement, which is most convenient for you (tablets, capsules, powder, liquid).

7. Study the instructions for use: Carefully read the instructions for the use of dietary supplement before the reception. Follow the recommendations for dosage, method of application and duration of the course.

8. Pay attention to the price: Too low dietary supplement price may indicate its low quality or fake. Do not save on your health.

9. Do not trust advertising: Do not trust blindly advertising promises about the effectiveness of dietary supplements. Remember that dietary supplements are not drugs and are not intended for the treatment of diseases.

10. Pay attention to the packaging: Bad packaging should be whole, without damage. The packaging should indicate information about the manufacturer, composition, shelf life, storage conditions and the method of use.

Section 8: The role of a doctor in an integrative approach to health and dietary supplement

An integrative approach to health is a holistic approach that takes into account all aspects of a person’s life, including physical, mental, emotional and spiritual well -being. It involves the use of various methods and means to maintain and restore health, including traditional medicine, alternative treatment methods, a healthy lifestyle, including biologically active additives (dietary supplements).

As part of an integrative approach, the role of a doctor becomes especially important. A doctor who adheres to the principles of integrative medicine not only treats diseases, but also helps the patient to reveal his health potential and learn how to manage his condition.

The role of the doctor in an integrative approach to health and the use of dietary supplements:

• A comprehensive assessment of the health status: The doctor cares a thorough assessment of the patient’s health, taking into account his anamnesis, lifestyle, examinations and test results. It determines the factors affecting health and develops an individual treatment and prevention plan.
• Personalized approach to the purpose of the dietary supplement: The doctor does not prescribe dietary supplements “to everyone.” He selects dietary supplements individually for each patient, given his needs, health status, contraindications and possible interactions with drugs.
• Information of the patient: The doctor provides the patient with complete and reliable information about dietary supplements, their properties, efficiency, safety and possible side effects. He helps the patient understand the variety of dietary supplements and make a conscious choice.
• Monitoring of efficiency and safety of dietary supplements: The doctor monitors the effectiveness and safety of dietary supplements in the process of their use. It can adjust the dosage, cancel the dietary supplement or replace it with others, if necessary.
• Integration of dietary supplements into a general treatment plan: The doctor integrates dietary supplements into a general treatment and prevention plan, which also includes medicines, physiotherapy, psychotherapy, diet, physical exercises and other methods.
• Patient training in a healthy lifestyle: The doctor helps the patient to form a healthy lifestyle, which includes a balanced diet, regular physical exercises, sufficient sleep, stress management and rejection of bad habits.
• Strengthening partnerships with the patient: The doctor is building partnerships with the patient based on trust, respect and cooperation. He involves the patient in the decision -making process and helps him take responsibility for his health.

In an integrative approach, dietary supplements are considered as one of the tools for maintaining and restoring health, but not as a panacea from all diseases. It is important to remember that dietary supplements cannot replace good nutrition, a healthy lifestyle and qualified medical care.

Section 9: Prospects for the development of the market of the baskets and the need to strengthen control

The market of biologically active additives (dietary supplements) demonstrates steady growth all over the world, including the Russian Federation. This is due to several factors:

• The growing interest of the population in a healthy lifestyle: People are increasingly aware of the importance of healthy nutrition, physical activity and prevention of diseases. Bades are considered as one of the ways to maintain health and replenish the deficiency of the necessary substances.
• The aging of the population: With an increase in life expectancy, the demand for dietary supplements increases that can help maintain the health of the elderly and improve their quality of life.
• Wide accessibility of dietary supplements: Bad can be purchased in pharmacies, specialized stores, online stores and other outlets.
• Active advertising campaign of dietary supplement manufacturers: Manufacturers are actively promoting their products using advertising, which contributes to the growth of demand.

However, despite the prospects for the development of the market market, there are certain problems associated with the quality, safety and efficiency of products. It is necessary to strengthen control over the production, turnover and advertisements of dietary supplements to protect consumer rights and ensure the safety of public health.

Directions for increasing control over the market of dietary supplements:

• Tighten the requirements for state registration of dietary supplements: It is necessary to increase the requirements for the evidence base of efficiency and safety of dietary supplements during state registration. It is important to conduct more thorough clinical research and examination of products.
• Strengthening control over the production of dietary supplements: It is necessary to ensure compliance with sanitary norms and rules at all stages of dietary supplements. It is important to conduct regular inspections of manufacturing enterprises and control the quality of raw materials and finished products.
• Strengthening control over the marking of dietary supplements: It is necessary to ensure the reliability and completeness of the information specified in the labeling of dietary supplements. It is important to indicate the full composition of products, contraindications and possible side effects.
• Strengthening control over the advertising of dietary supplements: It is necessary to prohibit advertising of dietary supplements, misleading consumers regarding their properties and effectiveness. It is important to demand the provision of reliable scientific information about dietary supplements in advertising.
• Improving the responsibility of manufacturers and sellers of dietary supplements: It is necessary to establish a more stringent responsibility for violation of the requirements for the quality, safety and efficiency of dietary supplements. It is important to ensure the possibility of holding manufacturers and sellers who sell poor -quality or falsified products accountable.
• Information of the population about dietary supplements: It is necessary to conduct information campaigns to increase the knowledge of the population about dietary supplements, their properties, security and the rules of application. It is important to emphasize the need to consult a doctor before taking dietary supplements.
• International cooperation: It is necessary to develop international cooperation in the field of control over the market of dietary supplements to exchange experience and coordinate efforts to combat falsification and poor -quality products.

Strengthening control over the market of dietary supplements will ensure the safety of public health, protect consumer rights and create conditions for the development of conscientious competition.

Section 10: Alternatives to receive dietary supplements: a balanced diet and a healthy lifestyle

Instead of relying exclusively on dietary supplements to maintain health, it is important to pay attention to alternative approaches, which are more effective and safe: a balanced diet and a healthy lifestyle.

Balanced nutrition:

Balanced nutrition is the basis of health. It provides the body with all the necessary nutrients, vitamins, minerals and trace elements. Instead of taking dietary supplements to replenish the deficiency of these substances, it is better to get them from natural food.

Basic principles of balanced nutrition:

• Variety of products: Include products from all food groups in your diet: vegetables, fruits, cereals, proteins (meat, fish, poultry, legumes), dairy products and healthy fats.
• Moderation: Observe moderation in food consumption. Do not overeat and do not starve.
• Regularity: Eat regularly, 3-4 times a day, at the same time.
• Reduced consumption of processed products: Limit the consumption of processed products, such as fast food, sweets, carbonated drinks, semi -finished products.
• Increase in the consumption of vegetables and fruits: Use at least 5 servings of vegetables and fruits per day.
• The choice of whole grain products: Give preference to whole grain products such as whole grain bread, brown rice, oatmeal.
• Consumption of sufficient amount of protein: Include a sufficient amount of protein in your diet, which is necessary for the construction and restoration of tissues of the body.
• Consumption of healthy fats: Include healthy fats in your diet, such as omega-3 fatty acids, which are found in fish, nuts and seeds.
• Restriction of sugar, salt and saturated fats: Limit the consumption of sugar, salt and saturated fats that can negatively affect health.
• Consumption of a sufficient amount of water: Drink enough water during the day to maintain hydration of the body.

Healthy lifestyle:

A healthy lifestyle includes not only a balanced diet, but also other aspects, such as physical activity, sufficient sleep, stress management and abandoning bad habits.

• Physical activity: Regular physical exercises help maintain health of the cardiovascular system, strengthen muscles and bones, improve mood and reduce the risk of chronic diseases. It is recommended to engage in physical exercises at least 150 minutes a week of moderate intensity or 75 minutes a week of high intensity.
• Sufficient sleep: A sufficient dream is necessary to restore the body and maintain health. It is recommended to sleep at least 7-8 hours a day.
• Stress management: Chronic stress can negatively affect health. It is important to learn how to manage stress with the help of relaxation, meditation, yoga or other methods.
• Refusal of bad habits: Smoking and alcohol abuse negatively affect health. It is important to abandon these bad habits.
• Regular medical examinations: Regular medical examinations help to identify diseases in the early stages and prevent their development.

Instead of spending money on dietary supplements, it is better to invest it in a healthy diet, physical activity and other aspects of a healthy lifestyle. This will bring much more health and well -being.

In conclusion, it is worth emphasizing that dietary supplements are not a panacea and cannot replace full nutrition and a healthy lifestyle. Consultation with a doctor before taking dietary supplements is a mandatory precaution. A balanced diet and a healthy lifestyle are the best investments in your health and longevity.